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Nitric Acid (HNO₃) is a highly corrosive Mineral Acid. The pure Compound is colorless, but older samples tend to acquire a yellow cast due to decomposition into Oxides of Nitrogen and Water. Most commercially available Nitric Acid has a concentration of 68% in Water. When the solution contains more than 86% HNO₃, it is referred to as Fuming NitricAacid. Depending on the amount of Nitrogen Dioxide present, Fuming Nitric Acid is further characterized as Red Fuming Nitric Acid at concentrations above 86%, or White Fuming Nitric Acid at concentrations above 95%. Nitric Acid is the primary Reactant used for Nitration – the addition of a Nitro Group, typically to an Organic Molecule. Nitric Acid is also commonly used as a Strong Oxidizing Agent.

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