Sub-Product

Main Product: Hydrogen Chloride
Segment: Chemicals
Main-Family: Inorganics
Sub-Family: Inorganic Chlorine Compounds
Physical State: Gas

Sub-Product

Hydrochloric Acid

Abbreviation

HCl

Alt. Names

Muriatic Acid; Spirits of salt; Hydronium Chloride; Chlorhydric Acid

Description

Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid.

Physical properties of hydrochloric acid, such as boiling and melting points, density, and pH, depend on the concentration or molarity of HCl in the aqueous solution. They range from those of water at very low concentrations approaching 0% HCl to values for fuming hydrochloric acid at over 40% HCl.

Mass fraction	Concentration		Density	Molarity	pH	Viscosity	Specific heat	Vapour pressure	Boiling point	Melting point
kg HCl/kg	kg HCl/m³	Baumé	kg/L	mol/L		mPa·s	kJ/(kg·K)	kPa	°C	°C
10%	104.80	6.6	1.048	2.87	−0.5	1.16	3.47	1.95	103	−18
20%	219.60	13	1.098	6.02	−0.8	1.37	2.99	1.40	108	−59
30%	344.70	19	1.149	9.45	−1.0	1.70	2.60	2.13	90	−52
32%	370.88	20	1.159	10.17	−1.0	1.80	2.55	3.73	84	−43
34%	397.46	21	1.169	10.90	−1.0	1.90	2.50	7.24	71	−36
36%	424.44	22	1.179	11.64	−1.1	1.99	2.46	14.5	61	−30
38%	451.82	23	1.189	12.39	−1.1	2.10	2.43	28.3	48	−26