FeO molecular formula (top left), crystal Structure (bottom left, source: WebElements). Mill scale, a flaky layer of iron oxides—predominantly FeO with various amounts of Fe3O4 and Fe2O3—that forms on hot-rolled steel (right, source: Anglo Pacific)

Iron(II) oxide (FeO), also known as ferrous oxide, is an inorganic compound in which iron exists exclusively in its +2 oxidation state. Its mineral form is wüstite. It is a black, fine-grained powder that is thermodynamically unstable under ambient conditions and does not occur in significant natural deposits at the Earth's surface — making it primarily a chemical phase of industrial and metallurgical significance rather than a commercial mineral.

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