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AMUR GCC Project showing the 9 Linde Pyrolysis Furnaces and the Quench Tower | AGCC website

Amur Gas Chemical Complex: Navigating Technology Licensing Challenges

The Amur Gas Chemical Complex (Amur GCC) exemplifies the intricate balance between technological ambition and geopolitical realities. Originally designed to become the world’s largest polymer production site, the project has faced significant delays due to shifts in technology licensing dynamics, even as its core infrastructure advances.

The Amur GCC Project

Amur GCC stands as one of the most ambitious petrochemical undertakings in Russia’s recent history and a flagship of Russian-Chinese industrial cooperation. Located near Svobodny in the Amur region of Russia’s Far East, the project is a joint venture between SIBUR, Russia’s largest petrochemical company, holding a 60% stake, and China’s Sinopec, which owns the remaining 40%. When completed, Amur GCC will be among the world’s largest producers of base polymers, with a design capacity of 2.7 million tonnes per year—2.3 million tonnes of polyethylene and 400,000 tonnes of polypropylene.

The complex is integrated with the broader Amur gas processing and gas chemical cluster, ensuring direct feedstock supply via pipelines. Gazprom’s Amur Gas Processing Plant (Amur GPP), which processes natural gas from East Siberian fields, will supply the primary feedstock to Amur GCC: ethane (up to 2 million t/y), and LPG (propane/butane, ~1.1 million t/y).

Steam Cracker and Downstream Progress

At the heart of the complex lies its 2.3 million t/y ethylene plant, supplied and partially engineered by Linde before the German firm’s confirmed withdrawal in 2022. Linde’s contributions included delivering critical components like the 1,500-ton quench tower, transported from South Korea to the remote Amur site—a logistical triumph showcased in earlier project updates.



Quench tower delivery to AMUR GCC, Nov 2021 | Credit: Linde Engineering 

By January 2024, SIBUR released a progress video on AGCC status update as of December 2023, confirming that polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) production units were being deployed as originally planned. The footage shows equipment installation for these downstream facilities, suggesting that proprietary technologies from Western licensors—Univation (Unipol PE gas-phase plants), ChevronPhillips Chemical (PE slurry process, undefined if MarTECH Single Loop or Advanced Dual Loop), and LyondellBasell (Spheripol PP Technology)—remain integral to the project. This indicates that either licensing agreements persisted post-2022 or SIBUR/Sinopec retained rights to use the technologies despite licensors’ reduced involvement.



Amur GCC Progress Video, Jan 2024. Reactor in this screenshot is a Slurry Loop Reactor | Credit: Sibur

Licensing Uncertainties and Delays

While Linde publicly exited the project by July 2022, when part of the equipment, including the pyrolysis unit, had already been built, SIBUR and Sinopec decided to reconsider the strategy for implementing the project, redesigned it and replaced contractors and license holders for the polyethylene and polypropylene lines. To this date, the status of other Western partners remains ambiguous as public disclosures from SIBUR and Sinopec have not clarified whether CPChem, Univation, or LyondellBasell continue to provide technical support or if their pre-sanction contracts are being honored. The lack of explicit withdrawal announcements contrasts with the project’s two-year delay.



Amur GCC Progress Video, Jan 2024. Reactor in this screenshot is likely a Gas Phase Unipol PE reactor | Credit: Sibur

It is a matter of speculation if SIBUR and Sinopec may be relying on existing licenses, in-house expertise, or third-party intermediaries to proceed with the original technologies. The January 2024 video underscores that downstream unit construction aligns with initial designs, implying that the licensors’ intellectual property is still being utilized, albeit without confirmed active collaboration.

Construction began in August 2020 and mechanical completion has been delayed to 2026 (originally 2024–25). Despite licensing headwinds, the Amur GCC achieved 76% mechanical completion by mid-May 2025 with commercial polyethylene production to start by Q3 2026, polypropylene production and full operations expected to follow in 2027 (source: interfax.com).

Strategic Implications

The Amur GCC’s trajectory highlights the resilience of large-scale petrochemical projects in the face of geopolitical disruptions. While Linde’s exit created logistical and technical gaps, the continued use of Western-designed downstream technologies—whether through preserved licenses or workarounds—demonstrates SIBUR and Sinopec’s commitment to delivering a world-class facility. The complex’s success will hinge on operationalizing these units without direct licensor support, a challenge that could redefine global norms for technology transfer in sanctioned environments. For now, the Amur GCC stands as a testament to both international collaboration’s potential and its fragility in an era of shifting alliances.

#linde  #univation  #lyondellbasell  #chevronphillips  #cpchem  #sibur  #amurgcc  #sinopec 
#steamcracker  #ethyleneplant  #amur  #russia  #unipolpe  #martech  #slurryloop  #gasphasepe  #spheripol  #polyethylene  #polypropylene  #ethane  #lpg 

SP Chemicals Gas Cracker. Credit: SP Chemicals.

Taixing, Jiangsu Province, China – May 2025

SP Chemicals, a leading Chinese petrochemical producer, has announced plans to significantly increase its use of ethane as feedstock at its flagship complex in eastern China, reflecting a broader industry move to cut costs and enhance competitiveness amid global oversupply and squeezed margins.

Ethane Utilization Set to Rise

Currently, SP Chemicals’ cracker in Taixing operates with ethane as about 75% of its feedstock. The company is now studying an increase to as much as 90% ethane utilization, according to CEO Chan Hian Siang. This shift is being evaluated in partnership with Technip, a global engineering firm, and would make SP Chemicals one of the most ethane-intensive operators in Asia.

Ethane, a derivative of U.S. shale gas, is typically cheaper than the more commonly used naphtha. With U.S. ethane exports projected to grow by 7% in 2025 and China recently waiving its 125% tariff on U.S. ethane imports, the economics for ethane cracking have become even more favorable. SP Chemicals sources its ethane primarily from Enterprise Products Partners, a major U.S. supplier.

Infrastructure Expansion

To support the increased ethane use, SP Chemicals will invest between 400 and 500 million yuan (approximately $56–69 million) to construct a new 200,000-cubic-meter ethane storage facility at the Taixing site, nearly doubling current storage capacity. The company also plans to build three new Very Large Ethane Carriers (VLECs) by 2028 to secure long-term supply logistics.

Industry Context

The move comes as Asian petrochemical producers face thin profit margins and global oversupply. Flexible crackers—those able to process both naphtha and ethane—are seen as best positioned to weather market volatility. Other regional players, such as South Korea’s YNCC and Thailand’s PTT Global Chemical, are also ramping up ethane use to maintain cost competitiveness.

SP Chemicals was the first in China to operate a fully gas-based ethylene cracker, starting up its 650,000 tpa (now 780,000 tpa) facility in 2019. The cracker supplies ethylene to the company’s vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and styrene units, as well as the merchant market.

Strategic Impact

By increasing ethane utilization, SP Chemicals aims to:

• Lower feedstock costs and improve margins in a challenging market.
• Enhance operational flexibility and resilience.
• Secure long-term supply through expanded storage and shipping.

CEO Chan Hian Siang noted that “ethane remains cheaper than alternative feedstocks,” underscoring the company’s commitment to cost leadership and innovation.

Outlook

SP Chemicals’ investment in ethane infrastructure and feedstock flexibility positions it at the forefront of China’s petrochemical sector transformation. As U.S. ethane exports rise and China’s demand for cost-competitive chemicals grows, the company’s strategy is likely to set a benchmark for the region’s evolving industry landscape.

#spchemical  #china  #taixing  #crackerfeedstock  #ethane  #gascracker  #technip  #enterpriseproductspartners  #yncc  #ptt 

CSPCL Huizhou Petrochemical Plant / Shell

Beijing, China, February 22, 2016 -- CNOOC and Shell Petrochemicals Company Limited (CSPC), a joint venture between Shell Nanhai B.V. and CNOOC Petrochemicals Investment Ltd., has officially announced the third phase of expansion for its petrochemical complex in Daya Bay, Huizhou, Guangdong Province. This ambitious project, valued at $6.7 billion, represents a significant step forward in meeting China's growing demand for petrochemical products.

The expansion will include the construction of a third ethane cracker with a planned capacity of 1.6 million tonnes per year (tpy) of ethylene, boosting the complex's total ethylene production capacity to 3.8 million tpy. Ethylene serves as a key building block for plastics and other essential chemical products. Alongside the cracker, the project will add 16 downstream derivatives units producing specialty chemicals including linear alpha olefins, Bisphenol-A (240,000 topy), polycarbonates (260,000 tpy), and diphenyl carbonate (220,000 tpy).

Linear alpha olefins are vital for manufacturing detergent alcohol and synthetic lubricants, while polycarbonates are used in impact-resistant plastics that can replace carbon-intensive steel. Carbonate solvents play a critical role in lithium-ion batteries, supporting the electric vehicle sector and energy storage solutions.

The new facilities aim to meet domestic demand across various industries, including agriculture, construction, healthcare, and consumer goods.

Scheduled for completion by 2028, the project incorporates innovative technologies to reduce environmental impact. CSPC plans to electrify compressor units and increase renewable energy usage to achieve a 20% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, aligning with China's carbon neutrality goals.

#sustainabilitygoals  #steamcracker  #ethanecracker  #ethylene  #cnooc  #cspc  #shell  #china  #huizhou  #guangdong  #sustainability  #linearalphaolefins  #lao  #polycarbonate  #electrification  #renewableenergy  #carbonemissions  #neutralitygoals 

Saudi Arabia, 27 Feb 2025 - Saudi International Petrochemical Company (Sipchem) and global chemical giant LyondellBasell have announced a significant partnership to explore the development of a world-scale mixed-feed cracker in Saudi Arabia, bolstered by their successful securing of feedstock allocation from the Saudi government.

The two companies have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to conduct a joint feasibility study for the proposed facility, which would utilize both ethane and refinery off-gases as feedstock. This mixed-feed approach offers greater flexibility in raw material sourcing while potentially improving the economics of the operation.

The proposed cracker would be integrated with downstream units to produce a range of high-value petrochemical products, including polyethylene, polypropylene, and various specialty chemicals. Industry analysts estimate the total investment could exceed $5 billion, though the companies have not confirmed specific figures pending the feasibility study's completion.

For LyondellBasell, the partnership represents a strategic move to expand its presence in the Middle East, a region that offers competitive feedstock advantages and growing domestic markets. The company has been actively restructuring its global portfolio, seeking opportunities in regions with favorable economics while potentially divesting from higher-cost locations.

The Saudi government has strongly supported the development of domestic petrochemical capacity through initiatives like Vision 2030, which aims to reduce the country's dependence on crude oil exports by developing downstream industries, aligning with national priorities to capture more value from the country's natural resources.

If the feasibility study yields positive results, construction could begin as early as 2026, with production potentially starting by 2029. The facility would likely be located in Jubail Industrial City, where Sipchem already operates several petrochemical plants and where existing infrastructure could support the new development.

The project faces competition from similar large-scale petrochemical developments in the region, including those being pursued by Saudi Aramco and SABIC. However, industry experts believe growing global demand for petrochemical products, particularly in emerging Asian markets, provides room for multiple new facilities.

The announcement comes as part of a broader wave of petrochemical investments in Saudi Arabia and the wider Gulf region, as producers seek to capitalize on competitive feedstock costs while meeting growing global demand for plastics and other petrochemical derivatives.

#aramco  #sabic  #sipchem  #lyondellbasell  #steamcracker  #ethane  #rog  #polyethylene  #polypropylene  #saudirabia 

Shell Polymer Monace site has been modelled with its complete mass balance and identification of technologies employed with their production capacities. 


#unipolpe  #univation  #ineos  #slurryloop  #innovene  #linde  #steamcracker  #ecu  #ethane  #gascracker 

New Delhi – India's Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) is actively seeking strategic partners to ensure a stable supply of ethane feedstock for its ONGC Petro additions Ltd (OPaL) petrochemical complex in Dahej, Gujarat.

ONGC has issued an expression of interest (EOI) to collaborate with companies experienced in the operation and management of very large ethane carriers (VLECs), very large gas carriers, and liquefied natural gas carriers. This initiative aims to secure the necessary infrastructure for transporting 800,000 tonnes per year of ethane, which OPaL requires from May 2028 onwards.

OPaL operates a dual-feed cracker capable of producing 1.1 million tonnes per year of ethylene and 400,000 tonnes per year of propylene. The facility relies on a mix of naphtha and C2, C3, and C4 feedstock.

ONGC's plan involves establishing a joint venture company that will handle funding and the construction of VLECs. ONGC will then charter these vessels to transport its ethane requirements.

Interested parties have until March 27th to submit their proposals.

#opal  #ongc  #india  #vlec  #steamcracker  #ethane  #lpg 

A detailed description of Project ONE is now provided, which includes details about location,  logistics and mobility. ethane cracker technology, and utilities.
 

#co2emissions #emissions  #carbonfootprint  #sustainability  #ethane  #gascracker  #technip  #ineos  #antwerp  #belgium  #pipeline 

ExxonMobil's ethylene plant n°3 in Baytown, Texas (Credit: ExxonMobil)

February 7, 2025 | Point Comfort, Texas, USA (ExxonMobil Corp.)

ExxonMobil is evaluating the construction of an $8.6 billion polyethylene plant in Point Comfort, Texas, as part of its global growth strategy. The proposed facility, which would include a large-scale ethane cracker, aims to produce ethylene and polyethylene—key components in plastic manufacturing.

The project is under review following Exxon's application for tax abatements under Texas' Jobs, Energy, Technology, and Innovation Act (JETI). If approved, construction could begin as early as 2026, with operations expected to start in 2031.

The plant would generate approximately 600 permanent and contract jobs and employ over 3,000 workers during peak construction. Exxon projects the facility will contribute $3.6 billion annually to the state's economy once fully operational.

Exxon is also considering alternative locations for the project in the Middle East, Asia, and other parts of North America. The final decision will depend on market conditions and governmental support in competing regions.

#exxonmobil  #polyethylene  #ethylene  #steamcracker  #texas  #usgc  #gulfcoast  #ethanecracker  #gascracker 

SP Chemical completed the first gas-based cracker in Taixing, China, in 2019, producing 780,000 tpa ethylene and 150,000 tpa propylene.

February 7, 2025 | SINGAPORE (Reuters)

Despite growing trade tensions between Washington and Beijing, China's ethane imports from the United States are expected to rise significantly in 2025 as petrochemical producers seek cheaper feedstock alternatives. Major Chinese companies are investing over $16 billion in infrastructure improvements to accommodate this growth.

Industry analysts forecast China's ethane imports to reach between 6.3 million and 8.2 million metric tons in 2025, representing an increase of 9% to 34%. The U.S. Energy Information Administration projects its net ethane exports to rise 6% to 520,000 barrels per day, with China expected to absorb most of this increase.

However, two main factors currently constrain this trade growth: limited U.S. export capacity and a shortage of specialized tankers. To address these limitations, U.S. pipeline operators Energy Transfer and Enterprise Products Partners are expanding their terminal capacities.

China has also demonstrated its commitment to increasing ethane imports by reducing its import tariff to 1% in 2025, down from 2% in 2024. Enterprise CEO Jim Teague remains optimistic about the trade relationship, noting that Chinese dependence on imported propane and ethane should protect this segment from broader trade tensions.

#ethane  #china  #imports  #usa  #feedstock  #refining  #refinery  #steamcracking  #gascracker  #propane  #ethyleneplant 

Ethanethiol (Ethane mercaptan), commonly found in LDG and liquid fuel fractions, has been added.
 

#mercaptan #ethanethiol  #ethylmercaptan  

Liquid mercaptans added (thiols) as commonly found in liquid fuels, have been added.


#mercaptan  #liquidmercaptan  #ethanethiol  #sulfurcompounds 

On Oct 1st, 2024, Technip Energies announced that the Long Son Petrochemicals Co., Ltd. (LSP) olefins plant in Long Son Island, Ba Ria-Vung Tau province,  Vietnam, passed its final performance acceptance test.

Technip Energies provided licensing, engineering, procurement, construction, commissioning, start-up and initial operation for the 1,350,000 tonnes/year cracker. As Vietnam’s first olefins plant, the flexible feed cracker, can utilize both naphtha and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) feeds to produce ethylene, propylene, and butadiene.

The plant successfully started up end 2023 to reach its full capacity shortly after the start-up and pass its first performance test in February 2024. The plant, which broke ground end 2018, includes Technip Energies’ licensed ethylene technology, including Ultra Selective Conversion (USC®) furnaces preferred for high selectivity and low cost, and the Heat-Integrated Rectifier System®, preferred for energy efficient ethylene recovery.

However, Listed Siam Cement Group (SCG), Thailand's largest cement maker and industrial conglomerate, has suspended operations at its Long Son Petrochemicals (LSP) complex in order to cope with high production costs and the impact of a downturn in the global petrochemical market.

The suspension, slated to last for at least six months, began in mid-October, only roughly two weeks after LSP commenced commercial operations on Sept 30, with a production capacity of 74,000 tonnes.

A resumption of operations will mainly depend on the spread, according to SCG.

The petrochemical complex uses naphtha, which is a product of fossil fuels, as a key raw material to produce high density polyethylene (HDPE), but the prices of naphtha are expensive.

"The spread between naphtha and HDPE prices is US$300 per tonne because of a slowdown in the global petrochemical market," said Sakchai Patiparnpreechavud, chief executive and president of SCG Chemicals. "If the spread increases to $400 per tonne, we will consider resuming operations at LSP."

The suspension does not mean SCG Chemicals will stop investing in this petrochemical complex, he said.

SCG Chemicals plans to upgrade LSP, enabling it to use ethane, a colourless, odourless, gaseous hydrocarbon, as a raw material because it is cheaper than naphtha.

Mr Sakchai said the company will spend $700 million on the new investment, especially to build an ethane storage facility.

#technip  #scg  #siamcementgroup  #longson  #naphtha  #lpg  #steamcracker  #ethylene  #propylene  #butadiene  #olefins  #hdpe  #ethane  #storagefacility 

Ethane and propane imports added, more production capacities added as well.

#steamcracker  #pdh  #ethane  #propane  #pdh  #ethylene  #propylene 

Crude ethylene, a technical grade of ethylene with above 40% by weight of ethylene, has been added.

#ethylene  #impurities  #methane  #ethane  #carbonmonoxide  #propene  #propylene  #nitrogen 

The site has one ethane cracker and its mass balance has been determined.

#steamcracking  #ethane  #ethylene  #dow  #nova